Все якуты - близкие родственники

[Nimissin]

Как и можно было ожидать, все якуты - близкие родственники, по сути один большой род.
Из докладов международной конференции International Congress of Human Genetics 2011:

Using whole-genome data to reveal distant relationships between individuals by maximum-likelihood analysis of genomic segments shared identically by descent (IBD). D. J. Witherspoon, C. D. Huff, J. Xing, L. B. Jorde Dept Human Genetics, Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.

   The locations and extents of chromosomal segments shared by two individuals due to identity by descent (IBD) from a recent shared ancestor can be estimated from whole-genome data (resequencing or high-density SNP data.) This IBD segment information allows the detection and accurate estimation of genetic relationships between pairs of individuals as distant as 5th cousins, with detection power approaching the maximum theoretical limit. We implemented this method in the software ERSA (Estimation of Recent Shared Ancestry; Huff, Witherspoon et al. Genome Research, 2011.) We applied ERSA to 1000 Genomes sequence data and Human Genome Diversity Project (HGDP) SNP data to identify relationships among the sampled individuals. Many hundreds of previously unknown relationships were identified with high confidence in the 1000 Genomes samples, and several thousand were detected in the HGDP samples. First- and second-cousin pairs were identified in nearly all 1000G population samples, as well as in all HGDP samples with at least 20 individuals. Numerous more distant relationships were observed in all samples. In some HGDP samples (e.g. the Amazonian Surui and Karitiana, Mexican Pima and Maya, Siberian Yakut, Pakistani Kalash, and the Melanesian sample), all pairs of individuals were at least 3rd cousins or more closely related, suggesting the possibility of estimating pedigrees for the entire samples. In the Brahui and Burusho samples from Pakistan, the Bedouin, Druze, Palestinian and Mozabite from the middle east, and in the Basque HGDP sample, more than half of pairwise relationships were 3rd-cousin or closer. Another set of HGDP samples showed lower levels of relatedness, such that only 5-30% of pairwise relationships were at the 3rd-cousin level or closer (the African Mandenka and Biaka Pygmy, the Makrani, Hazara and Balochi of Pakistan, and Italian Sardinians.) In the majority of 1000 Genomes samples, and in the HGDP Han Chinese and Pakistani Sindhi and Pathan samples, fewer than 1% of pairs of individuals were 3rd cousins or closer. Relationships between individuals from different population samples are uncommon and nearly always distant. Thus the detected relationships reflect what is known about recent demographics and mating patterns in these populations. With such precise and detailed estimation of relationships, it will be possible to draw stronger and more exact inferences about recent effective population sizes and mating patterns.