MtDNA and Y-chromosome lineages in the Yakut population

[mouglley]

MtDNA and Y-chromosome lineages in the Yakut population Puzyrev VP, Stepanov VA, Golubenko MV, Puzyrev KV, Maksimova NR, Khar’kov VN, Spiridonova MG, Nogovitsyna AN

Abstract  The structure of female (mtDNA) and male (Y-chromosome haplotypes) lineages in the Yakut population was examined. To determine mtDNA haplotypes, sequencing of hypervariable segment I and typing of haplotype-specific point substitutions in the other parts of the mtDNA molecule were performed. Y haplogroups were identified through typing of biallelic polymorphisms in the nonrecombining part of the chromosome. Haplotypes within haplogroups were analyzed with seven microsatellite loci. Mitochondrial gene pool of Yakuts is mainly represented by the lineages of eastern Eurasian origin (haplogroups A, B, C, D, G, and F). In Yakuts haplogroups C and D showing the total frequency of almost 80% and consisting of 12 and 10 different haplopypes, respectively, were the most frequent and diverse. The total part of the lineages of western Eurasian origin (Caucasoid) was about 6% (4 haplotypes, haplogroups H, J, and U). Most of Y chromosomes in the Yakut population (87%) belonged to haplogroup N3 (HG16), delineated by the T–C substitution at the Tat locus. Chromosomes of haplogroup N3 displayed the presence of 19 microsatellite haplotypes, the most frequent of which encompassed 54% chromosomes of this haplogroup. Median network of haplogroup N3 in Yakuts demonstrated distinct starlike phylogeny. Male lineages of Yakuts were shown to be closest to those of Eastern Evenks.

[АнТюр]

MtDNA and Y-chromosome lineages in the Yakut population Puzyrev VP, Stepanov VA, Golubenko MV, Puzyrev KV, Maksimova NR, Khar’kov VN, Spiridonova MG, Nogovitsyna AN

Abstract  The structure of female (mtDNA) and male (Y-chromosome haplotypes) lineages in the Yakut population was examined. To determine mtDNA haplotypes, sequencing of hypervariable segment I and typing of haplotype-specific point substitutions in the other parts of the mtDNA molecule were performed. Y haplogroups were identified through typing of biallelic polymorphisms in the nonrecombining part of the chromosome. Haplotypes within haplogroups were analyzed with seven microsatellite loci. Mitochondrial gene pool of Yakuts is mainly represented by the lineages of eastern Eurasian origin (haplogroups A, B, C, D, G, and F). In Yakuts haplogroups C and D showing the total frequency of almost 80% and consisting of 12 and 10 different haplopypes, respectively, were the most frequent and diverse. The total part of the lineages of western Eurasian origin (Caucasoid) was about 6% (4 haplotypes, haplogroups H, J, and U). Most of Y chromosomes in the Yakut population (87%) belonged to haplogroup N3 (HG16), delineated by the T–C substitution at the Tat locus. Chromosomes of haplogroup N3 displayed the presence of 19 microsatellite haplotypes, the most frequent of which encompassed 54% chromosomes of this haplogroup. Median network of haplogroup N3 in Yakuts demonstrated distinct starlike phylogeny. Male lineages of Yakuts were shown to be closest to those of Eastern Evenks.

Авторы публикации [Puzyrev V.P., 2009] привели ДНК-данные по якутам села Чериктей, расположенного в 150 км от Якутска. Среди тестированных мужчин (46 человек) выявлено 87,2% носителей гаплогруппы Nc1, 6,4% – R1a1, 4,3% – N*/N1/N2, 2,1% – HG2 (M89 allele T). Приведены 7 маркерные гаплотипы. В соответствии с Table 2 и Fig. 2 в гаплогруппе Nc1 выделяется три базовых гаплотипа с частотами 20, 5 и 3. Гаплотипы с частотой 20 и 5 отличаются на 1 шаг. Гаплотип с частотой 3 отличается от первого на 2 шага, от второго на 3. Четко обозначился кластер гаплотипа «частота 20»: 6 гаплотипов отличаются от него на 1 шаг (2 из них представлены 2 экземплярами) и 1 – на 2. Всего 8 мутаций на 27 гаплотипов. Это дает время жизни прародителя кластера 21,2 поколений или 530 лет назад. 2 гаплотипа отличаются от гаплотипа «частота 5» на 1 шаг. Всего 2 мутации на 7 гаплотипов. Прародитель кластера жил 20,4 поколений или 510 лет назад.

Цифры в публикации [Puzyrev V.P., 2009] напутаны. Указано 46 тестированных мужчин, но приведено 47 гаплотипов. Процент носителей гаплотипа «частота 20» в гаплогруппе Nc1указан 54%. У меня получилось 48,8%.

Puzyrev V.P., Stepanov V.A., Golubenko M.V., Puzyrev K.V., Maximova N.R., Kharkov V.N., Spiridonova M.G.,  Nogovitsina A.N. MtDNA and Y-Chromosome Lineages in the Yakut Population. Russian Journal of Genetics. Volume 39, Number 7 / Июль 2003 г. http://www.springerlink.com/content/r8q81q6151827037/ SpringerLink. http://www.springerlink.com/

[mouglley]

The distribution patterns of Y-chromosome haplotypes in Yakuts along with their close relatedness with the Evenk Y-chromosome lineages suggests that the male gene pool of the Yakut population arose on the basis of local (non-Turkic) component. The Turkic language was, probably, acquired as a result of cultural dominance of the Turkic-speaking elite, which did not make a considerable contribution to the Y-chromosome gene pool (language replacement according to the elite dominance principle).

Вполне неадекватная трактовка полученных результатов.

Происходило явно обратное - сильнейшее влияние пришедших в Северную Сибирь воинственных тюрков на местное, мирное население.