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https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/data/view/PRJEB26982Name
Ancient genome wide analyses infer kinship structure in an Early Medieval Alemannic graveyard
Submitting
Centre Smurfit Institute of Genetics
Secondary accession(s)
ERP109016
Description
From historical and archaeological records it is posited that the European medieval household was a combination of close relatives and recruits. However, such kinship structure has not yet been directly tested at a genomic level on medieval burials. The early 7th century A.D. burial at Niederstotzingen, discovered in 1962, is the most complete and richest example of Alemannic funerary practice in Germany. Excavations found thirteen closely associated individuals that were buried with an array of inscribed bridal gear, jewellery, armour and swords. These artefacts support that the individuals had contact to outside regions in France, Northern Italy and Byzantium. This study analysed genome wide data recovered from the remains, in tandem with the archaeological context, to reconstruct kinship and the extent of outside contact. All individuals had sufficient DNA preservation to genetically sex them as male and identify nine unique mitochondrial haplotypes and two distinct Y-chromosome lineages. Applying in-solution capture; genome-wide analyses were performed on eight individuals to estimate genetic affiliation to modern West Eurasians and genetic kinship at the burial. It was observed that five individuals were direct relatives to either first or second degree. Three other individuals were not detectably related, two of which showed genomic affinity to Southern Europeans. The genetic make-up of the individuals shares no observable pattern with their orientation in the burial or the cultural association of their grave goods, with the five related individuals having grave goods associated to four diverse cultural origins. This not only supports that kinship and fellowship were held in equal regard, but that diverse cultural appropriation was practiced among closely related individuals.
Из исторических и археологических источников следует, что европейское средневековое домохозяйство представляло собой сочетание близких родственников и нанятых людей(?). Однако такая структура родства еще не была непосредственно проверена на геномном уровне в средневековых захоронениях. Погребение 7 века н.э. в Нидерштотцингене, обнаруженное в 1962 году, является самым полным и богатым примером алеманского погребального обряда в Германии. Раскопки обнаружили тринадцать тесно связанных лиц, которые были похоронены с множеством надписанных свадебных принадлежностей, ювелирных изделий, доспехов и мечей. Эти артефакты подтверждают, что люди имели контакты с отдалёнными регионами Франции, Северной Италии и Византии. В этом исследовании были проанализированы данные о геноме, извлеченные из останков, в тандеме с археологическим контекстом, для восстановления родства и степени внешнего контакта. У всех людей была достаточная сохранности ДНК для определения их генетического пола как мужчин и идентификации девяти уникальных митохондриальных гаплотипов и двух разных линий Y-хромосомы. Применение геномного захвата в растворе; для оценки генетической принадлежности к современным Западно-Евразийцам и генетического родства при погребении были проведены геномные анализы восьми особей. Было отмечено, что пять человек являются непосредственными родственниками первой или второй степени. Три других индивида не были связаны между собой, два из них проявляли геномную близость к южным европейцам. Генетический состав индивидов не имеет какой-либо заметной закономерности с их ориентацией в погребении или культурной ассоциацией их погребальных артефактов, причем пять родственников, имеют погребальные артефакты, связанные с четырьмя разнообразными культурами. Это не только подтверждает, что родство и общение осуществлялись на равной основе, но и то, что различные культурные ценности практиковались среди тесно связанных между собой лиц.
Тезисы статьи уже всплывали в прошлом году:
Abstracts from Human Evolution 2017 conference
Ancient genome wide analyses infer kinship structure in an Early Medieval Alemannic graveyard
Mr Niall O´Sullivan1,2,3*, Cosimo Posth2,4, Valentina Coia1, Verena J. Schuenemann4,6, T. Douglas Price5, Joachim Wahl7,8, Ron Pinhasi3,9, Albert Zink1*, Johannes Krause2,4*, Frank Maixner1*
1 Institute for Mummy Studies, EURAC research, Viale Druso 1, 39100, Bolzano, Italy. 2 Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Strasse 10, 07745, Jena, Germany. 3 School of Archaeology and Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland. 4 Institute for Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstrasse 23, 72070, Tübingen, Germany. 5 Laboratory for Archaeological Chemistry 1180 Observatory Drive Madison, 53706, Wisconsin, USA. 6 Senckenberg Center for Human Evolution and Paleoecology, Palaeoanthropology, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstrasse 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany. 7 State Office for Cultural Heritage Management Baden-Württemberg, Osteology, D-78467, Konstanz, Germany. 8 Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Palaeoanthropology, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstrasse 23, 72070, Tübingen, Germany. 9 Department of Anthropology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria. *Corresponding authors
From historical and archaeological records it is posited that the European medieval household was a combination of close relatives and recruits. However, such kinship structure has not yet been directly tested at a genomic level on medieval burials. The early 7th century A.D. burial at Niederstotzingen, discovered in 1962, is the most complete and richest example of Alemannic funerary practice in Germany. Excavations found thirteen closely associated individuals that were buried with an array of inscribed bridle gear, jewellery, armour and swords. These artefacts support that the individuals had contact to outside regions in France, Northern Italy and Byzantium. To reconstruct kinship and the extent of outside contact, this study analysed genome wide data recovered from the remains in tandem with the archaeological context. All individuals had sufficient DNA preservation to genetically sex them as male and identify nine unique mitochondrial haplotypes. Applying in-solution capture; genome-wide analyses were performed on eight individuals to estimate genetic affiliation to modern West Eurasians and genetic kinship at the burial. There were two distinct Y-chromosome lineages present at the burial site. It was observed that five individuals were direct relatives to either first or second degree. Three other individuals were not detectably related, two of which showed genomic affinity to Southern Europeans. The genetic make-up of the individuals shares no observable pattern with their orientation in the burial or the cultural association of their grave goods, with the five related individuals having grave goods associated to four diverse cultural origins. This not only supports that kinship and fellowship were held in equal regard, but that diverse cultural appropriation was practiced among closely related individuals. The results show the potential for genome capture of ancient DNA to reconstruct ancient households and family trees.