Эта работа по дДНК достойна внимания:
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajhb.22604/abstract
Objectives
Y chromosome haplogroup Q1a1 is found almost only in Han Chinese populations. However, it has not been found in ancient Han Chinese samples until now. Thus, the origin of haplogroup Q1a1 in Han Chinese is still obscure. This study attempts to provide answer to this question, and to uncover the origin and paternal genetic structure of the ancestors of the Han Chinese.
Methods
Eighty-nine ancient human remains that were excavated from the presumed geographic source of the Han Chinese and dated to approximately 3,000 years ago were treated by the amelogenin gene polymerase chain reaction test, to determine their sex. Then, Y chromosome single nucleotide polymorphisms were subsequently analyzed from the samples detected as male.
Results
Samples from 27 individuals were successfully amplified. Their haplotypes could be attributed to haplogroups N, O*, O2a, O3a, and Q1a1. Analyses showed that the assigned haplogroup of each sample is correlated to the suspected social status and observed burial custom associated with the sample.
Conclusions
The origins of the observed haplotypes and their distribution in present day Han Chinese and in the samples suggest that haplogroup Q1a1 was probably introduced into the Han Chinese population approximately 3,000 years ago. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Работа несомненно заслуживает внимания. Завидую китайским коллегам - нам бы такой анализ по нашим древним захоронениям.
Применительно к Q1a-M120 вывод следующий: в древней популяции жившей 3000 лет назад в Hengbei доля гаплогруппы Q-M120 составляла более 40%. При этом в современных китайских популяциях, а также при чисто географическом анализе гаплогруппного состава населения ничего подобного не наблюдается. См. таблицу 3. Максимум зафиксирован у народа Dai (5,56%).
При этом означенные древние товарищи принадлежали к высшему сословию и свободным общинникам. Среди представителей Q-M120 ни одного раба. Причем среди аристократов 3 М120 из 6.
UPD Оказывается про это уже писали:
Hengbei site,Jiang county,Shanxi,2800-3000 YBP,this site belongs to a vassal state of Jin,the vassal state named as Peng,it's ruler had the title count,9 Q1a1,2 O2a-M95, 1 N,4 O3a2-P201,2 O3,4 O*.
http://forum.molgen.org/index.php/topic,5206.msg169899.html#msg169899